The Reactive MSSQL Client is a client for Microsoft SQL Server with a straightforward API focusing on scalability and low overhead.

Features

  • Event driven

  • Lightweight

  • Built-in connection pooling

  • Direct memory to object without unnecessary copies

  • Java 8 Date and Time

Usage

To use the Reactive MSSQL Client add the following dependency to the dependencies section of your build descriptor:

  • Maven (in your pom.xml):

<dependency>
 <groupId>io.vertx</groupId>
 <artifactId>vertx-mssql-client</artifactId>
 <version>4.1.0.CR1</version>
</dependency>
  • Gradle (in your build.gradle file):

dependencies {
 compile 'io.vertx:vertx-mssql-client:4.1.0.CR1'
}

Getting started

Here is the simplest way to connect, query and disconnect

MSSQLConnectOptions connectOptions = new MSSQLConnectOptions()
  .setPort(1433)
  .setHost("the-host")
  .setDatabase("the-db")
  .setUser("user")
  .setPassword("secret");

// Pool options
PoolOptions poolOptions = new PoolOptions()
  .setMaxSize(5);

// Create the client pool
MSSQLPool client = MSSQLPool.pool(connectOptions, poolOptions);

// A simple query
client
  .query("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id='julien'")
  .execute(ar -> {
  if (ar.succeeded()) {
    RowSet result = ar.result();
    System.out.println("Got " + result.size() + " rows ");
  } else {
    System.out.println("Failure: " + ar.cause().getMessage());
  }

  // Now close the pool
  client.close();
});

Connecting to SQL Server

Most of the time you will use a pool to connect to MSSQL:

MSSQLConnectOptions connectOptions = new MSSQLConnectOptions()
  .setPort(1433)
  .setHost("the-host")
  .setDatabase("the-db")
  .setUser("user")
  .setPassword("secret");

// Pool options
PoolOptions poolOptions = new PoolOptions()
  .setMaxSize(5);

// Create the pooled client
MSSQLPool client = MSSQLPool.pool(connectOptions, poolOptions);

The pooled client uses a connection pool and any operation will borrow a connection from the pool to execute the operation and release it to the pool.

If you are running with Vert.x you can pass it your Vertx instance:

MSSQLConnectOptions connectOptions = new MSSQLConnectOptions()
  .setPort(1433)
  .setHost("the-host")
  .setDatabase("the-db")
  .setUser("user")
  .setPassword("secret");

// Pool options
PoolOptions poolOptions = new PoolOptions()
  .setMaxSize(5);
// Create the pooled client
MSSQLPool client = MSSQLPool.pool(vertx, connectOptions, poolOptions);

You need to release the pool when you don’t need it anymore:

pool.close();

When you need to execute several operations on the same connection, you need to use a client connection.

You can easily get one from the pool:

MSSQLConnectOptions connectOptions = new MSSQLConnectOptions()
  .setPort(1433)
  .setHost("the-host")
  .setDatabase("the-db")
  .setUser("user")
  .setPassword("secret");

// Pool options
PoolOptions poolOptions = new PoolOptions()
  .setMaxSize(5);

// Create the pooled client
MSSQLPool client = MSSQLPool.pool(vertx, connectOptions, poolOptions);

// Get a connection from the pool
client.getConnection().compose(conn -> {
  System.out.println("Got a connection from the pool");

  // All operations execute on the same connection
  return conn
    .query("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id='julien'")
    .execute()
    .compose(res -> conn
      .query("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id='emad'")
      .execute())
    .onComplete(ar -> {
      // Release the connection to the pool
      conn.close();
    });
}).onComplete(ar -> {
  if (ar.succeeded()) {

    System.out.println("Done");
  } else {
    System.out.println("Something went wrong " + ar.cause().getMessage());
  }
});

Once you are done with the connection you must close it to release it to the pool, so it can be reused.

Configuration

Data Object

A simple way to configure the client is to specify a MSSQLConnectOptions data object.

MSSQLConnectOptions connectOptions = new MSSQLConnectOptions()
  .setPort(1433)
  .setHost("the-host")
  .setDatabase("the-db")
  .setUser("user")
  .setPassword("secret");

// Pool Options
PoolOptions poolOptions = new PoolOptions().setMaxSize(5);

// Create the pool from the data object
MSSQLPool pool = MSSQLPool.pool(vertx, connectOptions, poolOptions);

pool.getConnection(ar -> {
  // Handling your connection
});

Running queries

When you don’t need a transaction or run single queries, you can run queries directly on the pool; the pool will use one of its connection to run the query and return the result to you.

Here is how to run simple queries:

client
  .query("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id='julien'")
  .execute(ar -> {
  if (ar.succeeded()) {
    RowSet<Row> result = ar.result();
    System.out.println("Got " + result.size() + " rows ");
  } else {
    System.out.println("Failure: " + ar.cause().getMessage());
  }
});

Prepared queries

You can do the same with prepared queries.

The SQL string can refer to parameters by position, using the database syntax {PREPARED_PARAMS}

client
  .preparedQuery("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id=@p1")
  .execute(Tuple.of("julien"), ar -> {
  if (ar.succeeded()) {
    RowSet<Row> rows = ar.result();
    System.out.println("Got " + rows.size() + " rows ");
  } else {
    System.out.println("Failure: " + ar.cause().getMessage());
  }
});

Query methods provides an asynchronous RowSet instance that works for SELECT queries

client
  .preparedQuery("SELECT first_name, last_name FROM users")
  .execute(ar -> {
  if (ar.succeeded()) {
    RowSet<Row> rows = ar.result();
    for (Row row : rows) {
      System.out.println("User " + row.getString(0) + " " + row.getString(1));
    }
  } else {
    System.out.println("Failure: " + ar.cause().getMessage());
  }
});

or UPDATE/INSERT queries:

client
  .preparedQuery("INSERT INTO users (first_name, last_name) VALUES (@p1, @p2)")
  .execute(Tuple.of("Julien", "Viet"), ar -> {
  if (ar.succeeded()) {
    RowSet<Row> rows = ar.result();
    System.out.println(rows.rowCount());
  } else {
    System.out.println("Failure: " + ar.cause().getMessage());
  }
});

The Row gives you access to your data by index

System.out.println("User " + row.getString(0) + " " + row.getString(1));

or by name

System.out.println("User " + row.getString("first_name") + " " + row.getString("last_name"));

The client will not do any magic here and the column name is identified with the name in the table regardless of how your SQL text is.

You can access a wide variety of of types

String firstName = row.getString("first_name");
Boolean male = row.getBoolean("male");
Integer age = row.getInteger("age");

You can use cached prepared statements to execute one-shot prepared queries:

connectOptions.setCachePreparedStatements(true);
client
  .preparedQuery("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = @p1")
  .execute(Tuple.of("julien"), ar -> {
    if (ar.succeeded()) {
      RowSet<Row> rows = ar.result();
      System.out.println("Got " + rows.size() + " rows ");
    } else {
      System.out.println("Failure: " + ar.cause().getMessage());
    }
  });

You can create a PreparedStatement and manage the lifecycle by yourself.

sqlConnection
  .prepare("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = @p1", ar -> {
    if (ar.succeeded()) {
      PreparedStatement preparedStatement = ar.result();
      preparedStatement.query()
        .execute(Tuple.of("julien"), ar2 -> {
          if (ar2.succeeded()) {
            RowSet<Row> rows = ar2.result();
            System.out.println("Got " + rows.size() + " rows ");
            preparedStatement.close();
          } else {
            System.out.println("Failure: " + ar2.cause().getMessage());
          }
        });
    } else {
      System.out.println("Failure: " + ar.cause().getMessage());
    }
  });

Batches

You can execute prepared batch

List<Tuple> batch = new ArrayList<>();
batch.add(Tuple.of("julien", "Julien Viet"));
batch.add(Tuple.of("emad", "Emad Alblueshi"));

// Execute the prepared batch
client
  .preparedQuery("INSERT INTO USERS (id, name) VALUES (@p1, @p2)")
  .executeBatch(batch, res -> {
  if (res.succeeded()) {

    // Process rows
    RowSet<Row> rows = res.result();
  } else {
    System.out.println("Batch failed " + res.cause());
  }
});

Connect retries

You can configure the client to retry when a connection fails to be established.

options
  .setReconnectAttempts(2)
  .setReconnectInterval(1000);

Connection URI

As an alternative to configuring the client with a MSSQLConnectOptions data object, you can use a connection URI:

String connectionUri = "sqlserver://dbuser:secretpassword@database.server.com:3211/mydb";

// Create the pool from the connection URI
MSSQLPool pool = MSSQLPool.pool(connectionUri);

// Create the connection from the connection URI
MSSQLConnection.connect(vertx, connectionUri, res -> {
  // Handling your connection
});

The connection URI format is defined by the client in an idiomatic way: sqlserver://[user[:[password]]@]host[:port][/database][?attribute1=value1&attribute2=value2…​]

Currently, the client supports the following parameter keywords in connection uri (keys are case-insensitive):

  • host

  • port

  • user

  • password

  • database

Tracing queries

The SQL client can trace query execution when Vert.x has tracing enabled.

The client reports the following client spans:

  • Query operation name

  • tags

  • db.user: the database username

  • db.instance: the database instance

  • db.statement: the SQL query

  • db.type: sql

The default tracing policy is PROPAGATE, the client will only create a span when involved in an active trace.

You can change the client policy with setTracingPolicy, e.g you can set ALWAYS to always report a span:

options.setTracingPolicy(TracingPolicy.ALWAYS);

Data types supported

Currently, the client supports the following SQL Server types:

  • TINYINT(java.lang.Short)

  • SMALLINT(java.lang.Short)

  • INT(java.lang.Integer)

  • BIGINT(java.lang.Long)

  • BIT(java.lang.Boolean)

  • REAL(java.lang.Float)

  • DOUBLE(java.lang.Double)

  • NUMERIC/DECIMAL(BigDecimal)

  • CHAR/VARCHAR(java.lang.String)

  • NCHAR/NVARCHAR(java.lang.String)

  • DATE(java.time.LocalDate)

  • TIME(java.time.LocalTime)

  • DATETIME2(java.time.LocalDateTime)

  • DATETIMEOFFSET(java.time.OffsetDateTime)

Tuple decoding uses the above types when storing values

Handling ENUM

SQL Server does not have ENUM data type but the client can map the retrieved string/numeric data type to enum.

You can encode Java enums as String like this:

client
  .preparedQuery("INSERT INTO colors VALUES (@p1)")
  .execute(Tuple.of(Color.red),  res -> {
    // ...
  });

You can retrieve the ENUM column as Java enums like this:

client
  .preparedQuery("SELECT color FROM colors")
  .execute()
  .onComplete(res -> {
    if (res.succeeded()) {
      RowSet<Row> rows = res.result();
      for (Row row : rows) {
        System.out.println(row.get(Color.class, "color"));
      }
    }
  });

Collector queries

You can use Java collectors with the query API:

Collector<Row, ?, Map<Long, String>> collector = Collectors.toMap(
  row -> row.getLong("id"),
  row -> row.getString("last_name"));

// Run the query with the collector
client.query("SELECT * FROM users")
  .collecting(collector)
  .execute(ar -> {
    if (ar.succeeded()) {
      SqlResult<Map<Long, String>> result = ar.result();

      // Get the map created by the collector
      Map<Long, String> map = result.value();
      System.out.println("Got " + map);
    } else {
      System.out.println("Failure: " + ar.cause().getMessage());
    }
  });

The collector processing must not keep a reference on the Row as there is a single row used for processing the entire set.

The Java Collectors provides many interesting predefined collectors, for example you can create easily create a string directly from the row set:

Collector<Row, ?, String> collector = Collectors.mapping(
  row -> row.getString("last_name"),
  Collectors.joining(",", "(", ")")
);

// Run the query with the collector
client.query("SELECT * FROM users")
  .collecting(collector)
  .execute(ar -> {
    if (ar.succeeded()) {
      SqlResult<String> result = ar.result();

      // Get the string created by the collector
      String list = result.value();
      System.out.println("Got " + list);
    } else {
      System.out.println("Failure: " + ar.cause().getMessage());
    }
  });