The Golo Programming Language

Foo
foo.Bar
foo.bar.Baz
(...)

module hello.World

function main = |args| {
  println("Hello world!")
}

$ golo golo --files samples/helloworld.golo
Hello world!
$

module EchoArgs

function main = |args| {
  foreach arg in args {
    println("->  " + arg)
  }
}

$ golo golo --files samples/echo-args.golo --args plop da plop
-> plop
-> da
-> plop
$

$ golo compile --output classes samples/helloworld.golo
$

$ tree classes/
classes/
└── hello
    └── World.class

1 directory, 1 file
$

$ cd classes
$ golo run --module hello.World
Hello world!
$

# Exporting an environment variable
$ export JAVA_OPTS=-XX:+PrintCompilation
$ golo golo --files samples/fibonacci.golo

# ...or you may use this one-liner
$ JAVA_OPTS=-XX:+PrintCompilation golo golo --files samples/fibonacci.golo

# This is a comment
println("WTF?") # it works here, too

# Ok
var i = 3
i = i + 1

# The assignment fails because truth is a constant
let truth = 42
truth = 666

# Invalid statement, variables / constants have to be initialized
var foo

# Ok, but not necessarily great for humans...
let _$_f_o_$$666 = 666

# Wrong!
let 666_club = 666

println(123: toString())
println(someObject: toString())

# Gets the element at index 0
a: get(0)

# Replaces the element at index 1 with "a"
a: set(1, "a")

# Nice print
println(a: toString())

# Convert to a real collection
let list = a: asList()

module sample

function hello = {
  return "Hello!"
}

let str = hello()

function printer = {
  println("Hey!")
}

# result will be null
let result = printer()

function addition = |a, b| {
  return a + b
}

let three = addition(1, 2)
let hello_world = addition("hello ", "world!")

function foo = |a, b, c...| {
  # ...
}

# a=1, b=2, c=[]
foo(1, 2)

# a=1, b=2, c=[3]
foo(1, 2, 3)

# a=1, b=2, c=[3,4]
foo(1, 2, 3, 4)

function elementAt = |index, args...| {
  return args: get(index)
}

# prints "2"
println(elementAt(1, 1, 2, 3))

module Foo.Bar

function f = {
  return "f()"
}

let r = Foo.Bar.f()

module Somewhere.Else

import Foo.Bar

function plop = {
  return f()
}

module Somewhere.Else

import Foo.Bar

function plop = {
  let result = f()
  let result_bis = Bar.f()
  let result_full = Foo.Bar.f()
  return result
}

module Foo

local function a = {
  return 666
}

function b = {
  return a()
}

module Bogus

function i_will_crash = {
  return Foo.a()
}

module sample

import java.util.Arrays

function oneTwoThree = {
  return asList(1, 2, 3)
}

println(">>> " + someObject: toString())

let person = dao: findByName("Mr Bean")
let city = person?: address()?: city() orIfNull "n/a"

let person = dao: findByName("Mr Bean")
var city = "n/a"
if person isnt null {
  let address = person: address()
  if address isnt null {
    city = address: city() ofIfNull "n/a"
  }
}

module sample

import java.util

function aList = {
  return LinkedList()
}

function str_build = {
  return java.lang.StringBuilder("h"):
    append("e"):
    append("l"):
    append("l"):
    append("o"):
    toString()
}

module samples.MaxInt

local function max_int = {
  return java.lang.Integer.MAX_VALUE()
}

function main = |args| {
  println(max_int())
}

public class Foo {
  public String bar;
}

let foo = Foo()

# Write
foo: bar("baz")

# Read, prints "baz"
println(foo: bar())

public class Foo {
  public String bar;
  public String baz;
}

let foo = Foo(): bar(1): baz(2)

module sample.EnumsThreadState

import java.lang.Thread$State

function main = |args| {

  # Call the enum entry like a function
  let new = Thread$State.NEW()
  println("name=" + new: name() + ", ordinal=" + new: ordinal())

  # Walk through all enum entries
  foreach element in Thread$State.values() {
    println("name=" + element: name() + ", ordinal=" + element: ordinal())
  }
}

$ golo golo --files samples/enums-thread-state.golo
name=NEW, ordinal=0
name=NEW, ordinal=0
name=RUNNABLE, ordinal=1
name=BLOCKED, ordinal=2
name=WAITING, ordinal=3
name=TIMED_WAITING, ordinal=4
name=TERMINATED, ordinal=5
$

# Function call
is()

# Method call
someObject: foo(): is(): not(): bar()

# Function call
`is()

# Method call
someObject: foo(): `is(): `not(): bar()

import fr.insalyon.citi.golo.compiler.GoloClassLoader;

public class Foo {

  public static void main(String... args) throws Throwable {
    GoloClassLoader classLoader = new GoloClassLoader();
    Class<?> moduleClass = classLoader.load("foo.golo", new FileInputStream("/path/to/foo.golo"));
    Method bar = moduleClass.getMethod("bar", Object.class);
    bar.invoke(null, "golo golo");
  }
}

module foo.Bar

function bar = |wat| -> println(wat)

if goloIsGreat() {
  println("Golo Golo")
}

if (someCondition) {
  doThis()
} else if someOtherCondition {
  doThat()
} else {
  doThatThing()
}

function what = |obj| {
  case {
    when obj oftype String.class {
      return "String"
    }
    when obj oftype Integer.class {
      return "Integer"
    }
    otherwise {
      return "alien"
    }
  }
}

function what = |obj| {
  if obj oftype String.class {
    return "String"
  } else if obj oftype Integer.class {
    return "Integer"
  } else {
    return "alien"
  }
}

let item = "foo@bar.com"

let what_it_could_be = -> match {
  when item: contains("@") then "an email?"
  when item: startsWith("+33") then "a French phone number?"
  when item: startsWith("http://") then "a website URL?"
  otherwise "I have no clue, mate!"
}

# prints "an email?"
println(what_it_could_be(item))

function times = |n| {
  var times = 0
  while (times < n) { times = times + 1 }
  return times
}

function fact = |value, n| {
  var result = 1
  for (var i = 0, i < n, i = i + 1) {
    result = result * value
  }
  return result
}

function concat_to_string = |iterable| {
  var result = ""
  foreach item in iterable {
    result = result + item
  }
  return result
}

module test

function main = |args| {
  var i = 0
  while true {
    i = i + 1
    if i < 40 {
      continue
    } else {
      print(i + " ")
    }
    if i == 50 {
      break
    }
  }
  println("bye")
}

println(if (4 % 2 == 0) "even" else "odd")

if somethingIsWrong() {
  raise("Woops!")
}

module golotest.execution.Exceptions

import java.lang.RuntimeException

function runtimeException = {
  throw RuntimeException("w00t")
}

# Good old try / catch
try {
  something()
} catch (e) {
  e: printStackTrace()
}

# A try / finally
try {
  doSomething()
} finally {
  cleanup()
}

# Full try / catch / finally construct
try {
  doSomething()
} catch (e) {
  e: printStackTrace()
  case {
    when e oftype IOException.class {
      println("Oh, an I/O exception that I was expecting!")
    }
    when e oftype SecurityException.class {
      println("Damn, I didn't expect a security problem...")
      throw e
    }
    otherwise {
      throw e
    }
  }
} finally {
  cleanup()
}

let adder = |a, b| {
  return a + b
}

let adder = |a, b| {
  return a + b
}
println(adder: invokeWithArguments(1, 2))

let addToTen = adder: bindTo(10)
println(addToTen: invokeWithArguments(2))

let adder = |a, b| -> a + b

module Foo

local function sayHello = |who| -> "Hello " + who + "!"

# Prints "Hello Julien!"
function main = |args| {
  println(sayHello("Julien"))
}

let adder = |a, b| -> a + b
println(adder(1, 2))

let addToTen = adder: bindTo(10)
println(addToTen(2))

function plus_3 = {
  let foo = 3
  return |x| -> x + foo
}

var a = 1
let f = {
  a = 2   # Compilation error!
}

let list = java.util.LinkedList()
let pump_it = {
  list: add("I heard you say")
  list: add("Hey!")
  list: add("Hey!")
}
pump_it()
println(list)

let button = JButton("Click me!")
let handler = |event| -> println("Clicked!")
button: addActionListener(asInterfaceInstance(ActionListener.class, handler))

local function listener = |handler| -> asInterfaceInstance(ActionListener.class, handler)

# (...)
let button = JButton("Click me!")
button: addActionListener(listener(|event| -> println("Clicked!")))

function give_me_hey = {
  let executor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor()
  let future = executor: submit(asInterfaceInstance(Callable.class, -> "hey!"))
  let result = future: get()
  executor: shutdown()
  return result
}

# Calling asInterfaceInstance
future = executor: submit(asInterfaceInstance(Callable.class, -> "hey!"))

# Using a class augmentation
future = executor: submit((-> "hey!"): to(Callable.class))

import golotest.Closures

local function local_fun = |x| -> x + 1

function call_local_fun = {

  # local_fun, with a parameter
  var f = fun("local_fun", golotest.Closures.module, 1)

  # ...or just like this if there is only 1 local_fun definition
  f = fun("local_fun", golotest.Closures.module)

  return f(1)
}

import golotest.Closures

local function local_fun = |x| -> x + 1

function call_local_fun = {

  # In the current module
  var f = ^fun

  # ...or with a full module name
  f = ^golotest.Closures::fun

  return f(1)
}

let diff = |a, b| -> a - b
let minus10 = diff: bindAt(1, 10)

# 10
println(minus10(20))

let f = (|x| -> x + 1): andThen(|x| -> x - 10): andThen(|x| -> x * 100)

# -500
println(f(4))

let f = |x| -> |y| -> |z| -> -> x + y + z

let f1 = f(1)
let f2 = f1(2)
let f3 = f2(3)

# Prints '6'
println(f3())

# Prints '6'
println(f(1)(2)(3)())

print("Hey")
println()

println("Hey")

let name = readln("what's your name? ")
let value = readln()
let pwd = readpwd("type your password:")

try {
  ...
  raise("Somehow something is wrong")
} catch (e) {
  ...
  raise("Something was wrong, and here is the cause", e)
}

function foo = |a| {
  require(a oftype String.class, "a must be a String")
  ...
}

function foo = |a| {
  requireNotNull(a)
  ...
}

let a = Array(1, 2, 3)
require(alength(a) == 3, "a must be of length 3")
require(aget(a, 0) == 1, "the first element shall be 1")
aset(a, 0, 666)
require(aget(a, 0) == 666, "the new first element shall be 666")

# Prints 1 2 (...) 100
foreach i in range(1, 101) {
  print(i + " ")
}

let r = range(0, 6): incrementBy(2)
println("Start: " + r: from())
println("End: " + r: to())
foreach i in r {
  println(i)
}

println("Increment: " + r: increment())

local function listener = |handler| -> asInterfaceInstance(ActionListener.class, handler)

# (...)
let button = JButton("Click me!")
button: addActionListener(listener(|event| -> println("Clicked!")))

if isClosure(value) {
  map: put(key, value())
} else {
  map: put(key, value)
}

import golotest.Closures

local function local_fun = |x| -> x + 1

function call_local_fun = {
  let f = fun("local_fun", golotest.Closures.module)
  return f(1)
}

import golotest.Closures

local function local_fun = |x| -> x + 1

function call_local_fun = {
  let f = fun("local_fun", golotest.Closures.module, 1)
  return f(1)
}

let text = fileToText("/some/file.txt", "UTF-8")

textToFile("Hello, world!", "/foo/bar.txt")

if fileExists("/foo/bar.txt") {
  println("file found!")
}

let e = mapEntry("foo", "bar")

# prints "foo => bar"
println(e: getKey() + " => " + e: getValue())

function wrap = |left, str, right| -> left + str + right

# (...)
let str = wrap("(", "foo", ")")
println(str) # prints "(abc)"

module foo

augment java.lang.String {
  function wrap = |this, left, right| -> left + this + right
}

function wrapped = -> "abc": wrap("(", ")")

augment java.lang.String {

  function concatWith = |this, args...| {
    var result = this
    foreach(arg in args) {
      result = result + arg
    }
    return result
  }
}

# (...)
function varargs = -> "a": concatWith("b", "c", "d")

augment java.util.Collection {
  function plop = |this| -> "plop!"
}

# (...)
function plop_in_a_list = -> java.util.LinkedList(): plop()

module my.StringUrlAugmentations

import java.net

augment java.lang.String {

  function toURL = |this| -> URL(this)

  function httpGet = |this| {
    # Open the URL, get a connection, grab the body as a string, etc
    # (...)
  }

  # (...)
}

module my.App

import my.StringUrlAugmentations

function googPageBody = -> "http://www.google.com/": httpGet()

# ............................................................................................... #
#
# Copyright 2012-2013 Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA-Lyon)
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
#
# ............................................................................................... #

module gololang.StandardAugmentations


local function _newWithSameType = |this| {
  try {
    return this: getClass(): newInstance()
  } catch (e) {
    if not(e oftype java.lang.InstantiationException.class) {
      throw e
    }
    let fallback = match {
      when this oftype java.util.RandomAccess.class then java.util.ArrayList()
      when this oftype java.util.List.class then java.util.LinkedList()
      when this oftype java.util.Set.class then java.util.HashSet()
      when this oftype java.util.Map.class then java.util.HashMap()
      otherwise null
    }
    if fallback is null {
      raise("Cannot create a new collection from " + this: getClass())
    }
    return fallback
  }
}

local function _closureWithIndexArgument = |target| -> match {
  when target: type(): parameterCount() == 0
    then java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles.dropArguments(target, 0, java.lang.Object.class)
  otherwise
    target
}

# ............................................................................................... #

augment java.lang.Number {

  function times = |count, func| {
    let target = _closureWithIndexArgument(func)
    for (var i = 0, i < count, i = i + 1) {
      target(i)
    }
  }

  function upTo = |low, high, func| {
    let target = _closureWithIndexArgument(func)
    for (var i = low, i <= high, i = i + 1) {
      target(i)
    }
  }

  function downTo = |high, low, func| {
    let target = _closureWithIndexArgument(func)
    for (var i = high, i >= low, i = i - 1) {
      target(i)
    }
  }
}

# ............................................................................................... #

augment java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle {

  function to = |this, interfaceClass| -> asInterfaceInstance(interfaceClass, this)

  function andThen = |this, filter| ->
    java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles.filterReturnValue(this, filter)

  function bindAt = |this, pos, val| ->
    java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles.insertArguments(this, pos, val)

  function spread = |this, args| -> this:
    asSpreader(objectArrayType(), args: length()):
    invokeWithArguments(args)
}

# ............................................................................................... #

augment java.lang.String {

  function format = |this, args...| {
    if args: length() == 1 {
      return java.lang.String.format(this, args: get(0))
    } else {
      return java.lang.String.format(this, args)
    }
  }

  function toInt = |this| ->
    java.lang.Integer.parseInt(this)

  function toInteger = |this| ->
    java.lang.Integer.parseInt(this)

  function toDouble = |this| ->
    java.lang.Double.parseDouble(this)

  function toFloat = |this| ->
    java.lang.Float.parseFloat(this)

  function toLong = |this| ->
    java.lang.Long.parseLong(this)
}

# ............................................................................................... #

augment java.lang.Iterable {

  function reduce = |this, initialValue, func| {
    var acc = initialValue
    foreach (element in this) {
      acc = func(acc, element)
    }
    return acc
  }

  function each = |this, func| {
    foreach (element in this) {
      func(element)
    }
    return this
  }

  function count = |this, pred| ->
    this: filter(pred): size()

  function exists = |this, pred| ->
    this: filter(pred): size() > 0

}

# ............................................................................................... #

augment java.util.Collection {

  function newWithSameType = |this| -> _newWithSameType(this)

}

# ............................................................................................... #

augment java.util.List {

  function append = |this, element| {
    this: add(element)
    return this
  }

  function prepend = |this, element| {
    this: add(0, element)
    return this
  }

  function insert = |this, index, element| {
    this: add(index, element)
    return this
  }

  function append = |this, head, tail...| {
    this: append(head)
    foreach (element in tail) {
      this: append(element)
    }
    return this
  }

  function prepend = |this, head, tail...| {
    for (var i = tail: length() - 1, i >= 0, i = i - 1) {
      this: prepend(tail: get(i))
    }
    return this: prepend(head)
  }

  function head = |this| -> this: get(0)
  function tail = |this| -> this: subList(1, this: size())
  function unmodifiableView = |this| -> java.util.Collections.unmodifiableList(this)

  function find = |this, pred| {
    foreach (element in this) {
      if pred(element) {
        return element
      }
    }
    return null
  }

  function filter = |this, pred| {
    let filtered = this: newWithSameType()
    foreach (element in this) {
      if pred(element) {
        filtered: append(element)
      }
    }
    return filtered
  }

  function map = |this, func| {
    let mapped = this: newWithSameType()
    foreach (element in this) {
      mapped: append(func(element))
    }
    return mapped
  }

  function join = |this, separator| {
    var buffer = java.lang.StringBuilder("")
    if not (this: isEmpty()) {
      buffer: append(this: head())
      let tail = this: tail()
      if not (tail: isEmpty()) {
        buffer: append(separator)
        buffer: append(tail: join(separator))
      }
    }
    return buffer: toString()
  }

  function reverse = |this| {
    java.util.Collections.reverse(this)
    return this
  }

  function reversed = |this| {
    let reversedList = this: newWithSameType()
    reversedList: addAll(this)
    return reversedList: reverse()
  }

  function order = |this| {
    java.util.Collections.sort(this)
    return this
  }

  function ordered = |this| {
    let sortedList = this: newWithSameType()
    sortedList: addAll(this)
    return sortedList: order()
  }

  function order = |this, comparator| {
    java.util.Collections.sort(this, comparator)
    return this
  }

  function ordered = |this, comparator| {
    let sortedList = this: newWithSameType()
    sortedList: addAll(this)
    return sortedList: order(comparator)
  }
}

# ............................................................................................... #

augment java.util.Set {

  function include = |this, element| {
    this: add(element)
    return this
  }

  function exclude = |this, element| {
    this: remove(element)
    return this
  }

  function include = |this, first, rest...| {
    this: add(first)
    foreach (element in rest) {
      this: add(element)
    }
    return this
  }

  function exclude = |this, first, rest...| {
    this: remove(first)
    foreach (element in rest) {
      this: remove(element)
    }
    return this
  }

  function has = |this, element| -> this: contains(element)

  function has = |this, first, rest...| {
    if not(this: contains(first)) {
      return false
    } else {
      foreach (element in rest) {
        if not(this: contains(element)) {
          return false
        }
      }
    }
    return true
  }

  function unmodifiableView = |this| -> java.util.Collections.unmodifiableSet(this)

  function find = |this, pred| {
    foreach (element in this) {
      if pred(element) {
        return element
      }
    }
    return null
  }

  function filter = |this, pred| {
    let filtered = this: newWithSameType()
    foreach (element in this) {
      if pred(element) {
        filtered: include(element)
      }
    }
    return filtered
  }

  function map = |this, func| {
    let mapped = this: newWithSameType()
    foreach (element in this) {
      mapped: include(func(element))
    }
    return mapped
  }
}

# ............................................................................................... #

augment java.util.Map {

  function add = |this, key, value| {
    this: put(key, value)
    return this
  }

  function delete = |this, key| {
    this: remove(key)
    return this
  }

  function addIfAbsent = |this, key, value| {
    if not(this: containsKey(key)) {
      if isClosure(value) {
        this: put(key, value())
      } else {
        this: put(key, value)
      }
    }
    return this
  }

  function getOrElse = |this, key, replacement| {
    let value = this: get(key)
    if value isnt null {
      return value
    }
    if isClosure(replacement) {
      return replacement()
    } else {
      return replacement
    }
  }

  function unmodifiableView = |this| -> java.util.Collections.unmodifiableMap(this)

  function newWithSameType = |this| -> _newWithSameType(this)

  function find = |this, pred| {
    foreach (entry in this: entrySet()) {
      let key = entry: getKey()
      let value = entry: getValue()
      if pred(key, value) {
        return entry
      }
    }
    return null
  }

  function filter = |this, pred| {
    let filtered = this: newWithSameType()
    foreach (entry in this: entrySet()) {
      let key = entry: getKey()
      let value = entry: getValue()
      if pred(key, value) {
        filtered: put(key, value)
      }
    }
    return filtered
  }

  function map = |this, func| {
    let mapped = this: newWithSameType()
    foreach (entry in this: entrySet()) {
      let key = entry: getKey()
      let value = entry: getValue()
      let result = func(key, value)
      mapped: put(result: getKey(), result: getValue())
    }
    return mapped
  }

  function reduce = |this, initialValue, func| {
    var acc = initialValue
    foreach (entry in this: entrySet()) {
      let key = entry: getKey()
      let value = entry: getValue()
      acc = func(acc, key, value)
    }
    return acc
  }

  function each = |this, func| {
    foreach (entry in this: entrySet()) {
      func(entry: getKey(), entry: getValue())
    }
    return this
  }

  function count = |this, pred| ->
    this: filter(pred): size()

  function exists = |this, pred| ->
    this: filter(pred): size() > 0
}

# ............................................................................................... #

augment gololang.Tuple {

  function find = |this, pred| {
    foreach (element in this) {
      if pred(element) {
        return element
      }
    }
    return null
  }

  function filter = |this, func| {
    let matching = list[]
    foreach element in this {
      if func(element) {
        matching: add(element)
      }
    }
    return gololang.Tuple.fromArray(matching: toArray())
  }

  function map = |this, func| {
    let values = list[]
    foreach element in this {
      values: add(func(element))
    }
    return gololang.Tuple.fromArray(values: toArray())
  }

  function join = |this, separator| {
    let size = this: size()
    case {
      when size == 0 {
        return ""
      }
      when size == 1 {
        return this: get(0): toString()
      }
      otherwise {
        let buffer = java.lang.StringBuilder(this: get(0): toString())
        for (var i = 1, i < size, i = i + 1) {
          buffer: append(separator): append(this: get(i): toString())
        }
        return buffer: toString()
      }
    }
  }
}

# ............................................................................................... #

let foo = DynamicObject()

let person = DynamicObject():
  define("name", "MrBean"):
  define("email", "mrbean@gmail.com")

# prints "Mr Bean"
println(person: name())

# prints "Mr Beanz"
person: name("Mr Beanz")
println(person: name())

let person = DynamicObject(): name("MrBean"): email("mrbean@gmail.com")

# prints "Mr Bean"
println(person: name())

# prints "Mr Beanz"
person: name("Mr Beanz")
println(person: name())

local function mrbean = -> DynamicObject():
  name("Mr Bean"):
  email("mrbean@gmail.com"):
  define("toString", |this| -> this: name() + " <" + this: email() + ">")

function main = |args| {

  let bean = mrbean()
  println(bean: toString())

  bean: email("mrbean@outlook.com")
  println(bean: toString())
}

function dump = |obj| {
  foreach prop in obj: properties() {
    println(prop: getKey() + " -> " + prop: getValue())
  }
}

module sparky

import spark
import spark.Spark

function main = |args| {
  let conf = map[   
    ["extends", "spark.Route"],   
    ["implements", map[   
      ["handle", |this, request, response| {  
        return "Golo, world!"
      }]
    ]]
  ]
  let fabric = AdapterFabric()  
  let routeMaker = fabric: maker(conf)  
  let route = routeMaker: newInstance("/hello")   
  get(route)  
}

let result = array[1, 2, 3]
let conf = map[
  ["interfaces", ["java.io.Serializable", "java.lang.Runnable"]],
  ["implements", map[
    ["run", |this| {
      for (var i = 0, i < result: length(), i = i + 1) {
        result: set(i, result: get(i) + 10)
      }
    }]
  ]]
]
let runner = AdapterFabric(): maker(conf): newInstance()
runner: run() 

let conf = map[
  ["overrides", map[
    ["toString", |super, this| -> ">>> " + super(this)]
  ]]
]
println(AdapterFabric(): maker(conf): newInstance(): toString()) 

let carbonCopy = list[] 
let conf = map[
  ["extends", "java.util.ArrayList"],
  ["overrides", map[
    ["*", |super, name, args| { 
      if name == "add" {
        if args: length() == 2 {
          carbonCopy: add(args: get(1))  
        } else {
          carbonCopy: add(args: get(1), args: get(2)) 
        }
      }
      return super: spread(args)  
    }
  ]]
]]
let list = AdapterFabric(): maker(conf): newInstance()
list: add("bar")
list: add(0, "foo")
list: add("baz")  

let env = gololang.EvaluationEnvironment()
let code =
"""
module foo

function a = -> "a!"
function b = -> "b!"
"""
let mod = env: asModule(code)
let a = fun("a", mod)
let b = fun("b", mod)
println(a())
println(b())

let env = gololang.EvaluationEnvironment()
let code =
"""
function a = -> "a!"
function b = -> "b!"
"""
let mod = env: anonymousModule(code)
let a = fun("a", mod)
let b = fun("b", mod)
println(a())
println(b())

let env = gololang.EvaluationEnvironment()
let code = "return (a + b) * 2"
let f = env: asFunction(code, "a", "b")
println(f(10, 20))

env:
  imports("java.util.LinkedList", "java.util.HashMap"):
  asFunction("""let l = LinkedList()
let m = HashMap()""")

let env = gololang.EvaluationEnvironment()
let code = "|a, b| -> (a + b) * 2"
let f = env: def(code)
println(f(10, 20))

let env = gololang.EvaluationEnvironment()
let code = """println(">>> run")
foreach i in range(0, 3) {
  println("w00t")
}
return 666"""
println(env: run(code)) # => "w00t"x3 and "666"

let env = gololang.EvaluationEnvironment()
let code = """println(">>> run_map")
println(a)
println(b)
"""
let values = java.util.TreeMap(): add("a", 1): add("b", 2)
env: run(code, values)

let env = WorkerEnvironment.builder(): withFixedThreadPool()
let port = env: spawn(|message| -> println(">>> " + message))

port: send("hello"): send("world")

module SampleWithWorkers

import java.lang.Thread
import java.util.concurrent
import gololang.concurrent.workers.WorkerEnvironment

local function pusher = |queue, message| -> queue: offer(message) 

local function generator = |port, message| { 
  foreach i in range(0, 100) {
    port: send(message)                      
  }
}

function main = |args| {

  let env = WorkerEnvironment.builder(): withFixedThreadPool()
  let queue = ConcurrentLinkedQueue()

  let pusherPort = env: spawn(^pusher: bindTo(queue))
  let generatorPort = env: spawn(^generator: bindTo(pusherPort))

  let finishPort = env: spawn(|any| -> env: shutdown()) 

  foreach i in range(0, 10) {
    generatorPort: send("[" + i + "]")
  }
  Thread.sleep(2000_L)
  finishPort: send("Die!") 

  env: awaitTermination(2000)
  println(queue: reduce("", |acc, next| -> acc + " " + next))
}

let template = """
<%@params posts %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>Golo Chat</title>
  </head>
  <body>
  <form action="/" method="post">
    <input type="text" name="msg">
    <input type="submit" value="Send">
  </form>
  <div>
    <h3>Last posts</h3>
    <% foreach post in posts { %>
      <div>
        <%= post %>
      </div>
    <% } %>
  </div>
  </body>
</html>
"""

let tpl = gololang.TemplateEngine(): compile(template)
println(tpl(someDataModel: posts()))

# Good
let foo = java.util.LinkedList()

# Compilation fails
let foo = new java.util.LinkedList()

import java.util
import java.util.concurrent.AtomicInteger

# (...)

# Direct resolution at runtime
let foo = java.util.LinkedList()

# Resolution with the 1st import
let foo = LinkedList()

# Resolution with the 2nd import
let foo = AtomicInteger(666)

# Calls toString() on foo
foo: toString()

# Looks for a function toString() in module foo
foo.toString()

let foo = match {
  case plop then 1
  case ploped then 2
  otherwise -1
}

# Ok
println(foo)

# Bad! foo is an integer!
println(foo("abc"))