Package android.database.sqlite

Class SQLiteConnection

  • All Implemented Interfaces:
    CancellationSignal.OnCancelListener
    public final class SQLiteConnection
extends Object
implements CancellationSignal.OnCancelListener
    Represents a SQLite database connection. Each connection wraps an instance of a native sqlite3 object.

    When database connection pooling is enabled, there can be multiple active connections to the same database. Otherwise there is typically only one connection per database.

    When the SQLite WAL feature is enabled, multiple readers and one writer can concurrently access the database. Without WAL, readers and writers are mutually exclusive.

    Ownership and concurrency guarantees

    Connection objects are not thread-safe. They are acquired as needed to perform a database operation and are then returned to the pool. At any given time, a connection is either owned and used by a SQLiteSession object or the SQLiteConnectionPool. Those classes are responsible for serializing operations to guard against concurrent use of a connection.

    The guarantee of having a single owner allows this class to be implemented without locks and greatly simplifies resource management.

    Encapsulation guarantees

    The connection object object owns *all* of the SQLite related native objects that are associated with the connection. What's more, there are no other objects in the system that are capable of obtaining handles to those native objects. Consequently, when the connection is closed, we do not have to worry about what other components might have references to its associated SQLite state -- there are none.

    Encapsulation is what ensures that the connection object's lifecycle does not become a tortured mess of finalizers and reference queues.

    Reentrance

    This class must tolerate reentrant execution of SQLite operations because triggers may call custom SQLite functions that perform additional queries.

    • Method Detail

      • finalize

        protected void finalize()
                 throws Throwable
        Description copied from class: Object
        Invoked when the garbage collector has detected that this instance is no longer reachable. The default implementation does nothing, but this method can be overridden to free resources.

        Note that objects that override finalize are significantly more expensive than objects that don't. Finalizers may be run a long time after the object is no longer reachable, depending on memory pressure, so it's a bad idea to rely on them for cleanup. Note also that finalizers are run on a single VM-wide finalizer thread, so doing blocking work in a finalizer is a bad idea. A finalizer is usually only necessary for a class that has a native peer and needs to call a native method to destroy that peer. Even then, it's better to provide an explicit close method (and implement Closeable), and insist that callers manually dispose of instances. This works well for something like files, but less well for something like a BigInteger where typical calling code would have to deal with lots of temporaries. Unfortunately, code that creates lots of temporaries is the worst kind of code from the point of view of the single finalizer thread.

        If you must use finalizers, consider at least providing your own ReferenceQueue and having your own thread process that queue.

        Unlike constructors, finalizers are not automatically chained. You are responsible for calling super.finalize() yourself.

        Uncaught exceptions thrown by finalizers are ignored and do not terminate the finalizer thread. See Effective Java Item 7, "Avoid finalizers" for more.

        Overrides:
        finalize in class Object
        Throws:
        Throwable

      • getConnectionId

        public int getConnectionId()
        Gets the unique id of this connection.
        Returns:
        The connection id.

      • isPrimaryConnection

        public boolean isPrimaryConnection()
        Returns true if this is the primary database connection.
        Returns:
        True if this is the primary database connection.

      • prepare

        public void prepare​(String sql,
                    SQLiteStatementInfo outStatementInfo)
        Prepares a statement for execution but does not bind its parameters or execute it.

        This method can be used to check for syntax errors during compilation prior to execution of the statement. If the outStatementInfo argument is not null, the provided SQLiteStatementInfo object is populated with information about the statement.

        A prepared statement makes no reference to the arguments that may eventually be bound to it, consequently it it possible to cache certain prepared statements such as SELECT or INSERT/UPDATE statements. If the statement is cacheable, then it will be stored in the cache for later.

        To take advantage of this behavior as an optimization, the connection pool provides a method to acquire a connection that already has a given SQL statement in its prepared statement cache so that it is ready for execution.

        Parameters:
        sql - The SQL statement to prepare.
        outStatementInfo - The SQLiteStatementInfo object to populate with information about the statement, or null if none.
        Throws:
        SQLiteException - if an error occurs, such as a syntax error.

      • execute

        public void execute​(String sql,
                    Object[] bindArgs,
                    CancellationSignal cancellationSignal)
        Executes a statement that does not return a result.
        Parameters:
        sql - The SQL statement to execute.
        bindArgs - The arguments to bind, or null if none.
        cancellationSignal - A signal to cancel the operation in progress, or null if none.
        Throws:
        SQLiteException - if an error occurs, such as a syntax error or invalid number of bind arguments.
        OperationCanceledException - if the operation was canceled.

      • executeForLong

        public long executeForLong​(String sql,
                           Object[] bindArgs,
                           CancellationSignal cancellationSignal)
        Executes a statement that returns a single long result.
        Parameters:
        sql - The SQL statement to execute.
        bindArgs - The arguments to bind, or null if none.
        cancellationSignal - A signal to cancel the operation in progress, or null if none.
        Returns:
        The value of the first column in the first row of the result set as a long, or zero if none.
        Throws:
        SQLiteException - if an error occurs, such as a syntax error or invalid number of bind arguments.
        OperationCanceledException - if the operation was canceled.

      • executeForString

        public String executeForString​(String sql,
                               Object[] bindArgs,
                               CancellationSignal cancellationSignal)
        Executes a statement that returns a single String result.
        Parameters:
        sql - The SQL statement to execute.
        bindArgs - The arguments to bind, or null if none.
        cancellationSignal - A signal to cancel the operation in progress, or null if none.
        Returns:
        The value of the first column in the first row of the result set as a String, or null if none.
        Throws:
        SQLiteException - if an error occurs, such as a syntax error or invalid number of bind arguments.
        OperationCanceledException - if the operation was canceled.

      • executeForBlobFileDescriptor

        public ParcelFileDescriptor executeForBlobFileDescriptor​(String sql,
                                                         Object[] bindArgs,
                                                         CancellationSignal cancellationSignal)
        Executes a statement that returns a single BLOB result as a file descriptor to a shared memory region.
        Parameters:
        sql - The SQL statement to execute.
        bindArgs - The arguments to bind, or null if none.
        cancellationSignal - A signal to cancel the operation in progress, or null if none.
        Returns:
        The file descriptor for a shared memory region that contains the value of the first column in the first row of the result set as a BLOB, or null if none.
        Throws:
        SQLiteException - if an error occurs, such as a syntax error or invalid number of bind arguments.
        OperationCanceledException - if the operation was canceled.

      • executeForChangedRowCount

        public int executeForChangedRowCount​(String sql,
                                     Object[] bindArgs,
                                     CancellationSignal cancellationSignal)
        Executes a statement that returns a count of the number of rows that were changed. Use for UPDATE or DELETE SQL statements.
        Parameters:
        sql - The SQL statement to execute.
        bindArgs - The arguments to bind, or null if none.
        cancellationSignal - A signal to cancel the operation in progress, or null if none.
        Returns:
        The number of rows that were changed.
        Throws:
        SQLiteException - if an error occurs, such as a syntax error or invalid number of bind arguments.
        OperationCanceledException - if the operation was canceled.

      • executeForLastInsertedRowId

        public long executeForLastInsertedRowId​(String sql,
                                        Object[] bindArgs,
                                        CancellationSignal cancellationSignal)
        Executes a statement that returns the row id of the last row inserted by the statement. Use for INSERT SQL statements.
        Parameters:
        sql - The SQL statement to execute.
        bindArgs - The arguments to bind, or null if none.
        cancellationSignal - A signal to cancel the operation in progress, or null if none.
        Returns:
        The row id of the last row that was inserted, or 0 if none.
        Throws:
        SQLiteException - if an error occurs, such as a syntax error or invalid number of bind arguments.
        OperationCanceledException - if the operation was canceled.

      • executeForCursorWindow

        public int executeForCursorWindow​(String sql,
                                  Object[] bindArgs,
                                  CursorWindow window,
                                  int startPos,
                                  int requiredPos,
                                  boolean countAllRows,
                                  CancellationSignal cancellationSignal)
        Executes a statement and populates the specified CursorWindow with a range of results. Returns the number of rows that were counted during query execution.
        Parameters:
        sql - The SQL statement to execute.
        bindArgs - The arguments to bind, or null if none.
        window - The cursor window to clear and fill.
        startPos - The start position for filling the window.
        requiredPos - The position of a row that MUST be in the window. If it won't fit, then the query should discard part of what it filled so that it does. Must be greater than or equal to startPos.
        countAllRows - True to count all rows that the query would return regagless of whether they fit in the window.
        cancellationSignal - A signal to cancel the operation in progress, or null if none.
        Returns:
        The number of rows that were counted during query execution. Might not be all rows in the result set unless countAllRows is true.
        Throws:
        SQLiteException - if an error occurs, such as a syntax error or invalid number of bind arguments.
        OperationCanceledException - if the operation was canceled.

      • dump

        public void dump​(Printer printer,
                 boolean verbose)
        Dumps debugging information about this connection.
        Parameters:
        printer - The printer to receive the dump, not null.
        verbose - True to dump more verbose information.

      • toString

        public String toString()
        Description copied from class: Object
        Returns a string containing a concise, human-readable description of this object. Subclasses are encouraged to override this method and provide an implementation that takes into account the object's type and data. The default implementation is equivalent to the following expression: 
           getClass().getName() + '@' + Integer.toHexString(hashCode())

        See Writing a useful toString method if you intend implementing your own toString method.

        Overrides:
        toString in class Object
        Returns:
        a printable representation of this object.